1. Raw Material Collection

Steel production starts with high-quality raw materials — iron ore, scrap metal, coal/coke, and limestone sourced and inspected for consistency.

2. Melting the Raw Material

The materials are melted in furnaces — Induction Furnace (IF), Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), or Blast Furnace (BF) — at temperatures usually above 1500 °C to produce molten iron/steel.

3. Removing Impurities (Refining)

Impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus are separated and removed as slag through fluxing and refining operations to improve metal quality.

4. Alloying